Skip to main content

How can I tally continuous sequences in a list?


I have a stream of data like this:


0001100111100000111111001110000001111111111000000111000111110000...

(I can represent them as a list, like in {0,0,0,1,1,...}, I guess that's easier to work with.)


Now I want to count how many sequences of two "1"s, three "1"s, etc there are (the zeros lengths are not important, they're just separators), to show them in a histogram. I have no problems doing this procedural, but functional programming remains difficult for me. While I don't mind pausing for a cup of coffee (there's 4.8 million data points), I guess in functional programming this will be orders of magnitude faster. How do I do this with functional programming?


Note
"0011100" only counts as a sequence of length 3, the two sub-sequences of length 2 should not be taken into account.



Answer




If your data is in list form (conversion from string will swamp advantage), this should be quite a bit faster (5-50+X than existing answers, timings on the loungbook, so I'd expect 10+X faster for all on W/S):


tOnes = Module[{p = Append[Pick[Range@Length@#, #, 1], 0], sa},
If[p === {0}, {},
sa = SparseArray[Subtract[Rest@p, Most@p], Automatic, 1]["AdjacencyLists"];
Tally[Differences[Prepend[sa, 0]]]]] &;

Comparable in speed, and arguably prettier:


tOnes2 = With[{d = Join[{0}, #, {0}]}, 
Tally[Differences@DeleteDuplicates@Pick[Accumulate@d, d, 0]]] &;


Comparison:


(* make some data & string/digit equivalents for string/Mr.W solutions *)
data = RandomInteger[{0, 1}, 4000000];
strng = StringJoin[ToString /@ data];
mwdata = FromDigits[data];
ClearSystemCache[]

(* eldo *)
eldotim =
First@Timing[

eldo = Tally@
Select[StringLength /@ StringSplit[strng, "0"], # > 0 &];];

(* Mr. W *)
mwtim = First@
Timing[mwr =
Tally[Length /@ Split[IntegerDigits@mwdata][[;; ;; 2]]];];

(* 2012rcampion *)
rctim = First@Timing[

lengths = Cases[Split[data], l : {1, ___} :> Length[l]];
tally = Tally[lengths];
];

(* kguler *)
kgtim = First@
Timing[tally2 = Tally@StringLength@StringCases[strng, "1" ..];];

(* Me *)
me1tim = First@Timing[me = tOnes@data;];

me2tim = First@Timing[me2 = tOnes2@data;];

Transpose[{{"Mr.W", "eldo", "2012rcampion", "kguler", "Me1", "Me2"},
{mwtim, eldotim, rctim, kgtim, me1tim, me2tim}}] // TableForm

(* Check *)
me == me2 == tally == eldo == tally2 == mwr

enter image description here


(* True *)



Comments

Popular posts from this blog

front end - keyboard shortcut to invoke Insert new matrix

I frequently need to type in some matrices, and the menu command Insert > Table/Matrix > New... allows matrices with lines drawn between columns and rows, which is very helpful. I would like to make a keyboard shortcut for it, but cannot find the relevant frontend token command (4209405) for it. Since the FullForm[] and InputForm[] of matrices with lines drawn between rows and columns is the same as those without lines, it's hard to do this via 3rd party system-wide text expanders (e.g. autohotkey or atext on mac). How does one assign a keyboard shortcut for the menu item Insert > Table/Matrix > New... , preferably using only mathematica? Thanks! Answer In the MenuSetup.tr (for linux located in the $InstallationDirectory/SystemFiles/FrontEnd/TextResources/X/ directory), I changed the line MenuItem["&New...", "CreateGridBoxDialog"] to read MenuItem["&New...", "CreateGridBoxDialog", MenuKey["m", Modifiers-...

How to thread a list

I have data in format data = {{a1, a2}, {b1, b2}, {c1, c2}, {d1, d2}} Tableform: I want to thread it to : tdata = {{{a1, b1}, {a2, b2}}, {{a1, c1}, {a2, c2}}, {{a1, d1}, {a2, d2}}} Tableform: And I would like to do better then pseudofunction[n_] := Transpose[{data2[[1]], data2[[n]]}]; SetAttributes[pseudofunction, Listable]; Range[2, 4] // pseudofunction Here is my benchmark data, where data3 is normal sample of real data. data3 = Drop[ExcelWorkBook[[Column1 ;; Column4]], None, 1]; data2 = {a #, b #, c #, d #} & /@ Range[1, 10^5]; data = RandomReal[{0, 1}, {10^6, 4}]; Here is my benchmark code kptnw[list_] := Transpose[{Table[First@#, {Length@# - 1}], Rest@#}, {3, 1, 2}] &@list kptnw2[list_] := Transpose[{ConstantArray[First@#, Length@# - 1], Rest@#}, {3, 1, 2}] &@list OleksandrR[list_] := Flatten[Outer[List, List@First[list], Rest[list], 1], {{2}, {1, 4}}] paradox2[list_] := Partition[Riffle[list[[1]], #], 2] & /@ Drop[list, 1] RM[list_] := FoldList[Transpose[{First@li...

plotting - Magnifying Glass on a Plot

Although there is a trick in TEX magnifying glass but I want to know is there any function to magnifying glass on a plot with Mathematica ? For example for a function as Sin[x] and at x=Pi/6 Below, this is just a picture desired from the cited site. the image got huge unfortunately I don't know how can I change the size of an image here! Answer Insetting a magnified part of the original Plot A) by adding a new Plot of the specified range xPos = Pi/6; range = 0.2; f = Sin; xyMinMax = {{xPos - range, xPos + range}, {f[xPos] - range*GoldenRatio^-1, f[xPos] + range*GoldenRatio^-1}}; Plot[f[x], {x, 0, 5}, Epilog -> {Transparent, EdgeForm[Thick], Rectangle[Sequence @@ Transpose[xyMinMax]], Inset[Plot[f[x], {x, xPos - range, xPos + range}, Frame -> True, Axes -> False, PlotRange -> xyMinMax, ImageSize -> 270], {4., 0.5}]}, ImageSize -> 700] B) by adding a new Plot within a Circle mf = RegionMember[Disk[{xPos, f[xPos]}, {range, range/GoldenRatio}]] Show...