Skip to main content

Plotting implicitly-defined space curves


It is known that space curves can either be defined parametrically,


$$\begin{align*}x&=f(t)\\y&=g(t)\\z&=h(t)\end{align*}$$


or as the intersection of two surfaces,


$$\begin{align*}F(x,y,z)&=0\\G(x,y,z)&=0\end{align*}$$


Curves represented parametrically can of course be plotted in Mathematica using ParametricPlot3D[]. Though implicitly-defined plane curves can be plotted with ContourPlot[], and implicitly-defined surfaces can be plotted with ContourPlot3D[], no facilities exist for plotting space curves like the intersection of the torus $(x^2+y^2+z^2+8)^2=36(x^2+y^2)$ and the cylinder $y^2+(z-2)^2=4$:


torus-cylinder intersection


Sometimes, one might be lucky and manage to find a parametrization for the intersection of two algebraic surfaces, but these situations are few and far between, especially if the two surfaces are of sufficiently high degree. The situation is worse if at least one of the surfaces is transcendental.




How might one write a routine that plots space curves defined as the intersection of two implicitly-defined surfaces?



It would be preferable if the routine returns only Line[] objects representing the space curve. A routine that handles only algebraic surfaces would be an acceptable answer, but it would be nice if your routine can handle transcendental surfaces as well. A bonus feature for the routine might be the ability to determine if the two surfaces given do not have a space curve intersection, or intersect only at a single point, or other such degeneracies.



Answer



I take zero credit for this. It is a method I learned from Maxim Rytin.


ContourPlot3D[{(x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + 8)^2 - 36 (x^2 + y^2), 
y^2 + (z - 2)^2 - 4}, {x, -4, 4}, {y, -4, 4}, {z, -2, 2},
Contours -> {0}, ContourStyle -> Opacity[0], Mesh -> None,
BoundaryStyle -> {1 -> None, 2 -> None, {1, 2} -> {{Green, Tube[.03]}}},
Boxed -> False]


torus-cylinder intersection


Comments

Popular posts from this blog

plotting - Plot 4D data with color as 4th dimension

I have a list of 4D data (x position, y position, amplitude, wavelength). I want to plot x, y, and amplitude on a 3D plot and have the color of the points correspond to the wavelength. I have seen many examples using functions to define color but my wavelength cannot be expressed by an analytic function. Is there a simple way to do this? Answer Here a another possible way to visualize 4D data: data = Flatten[Table[{x, y, x^2 + y^2, Sin[x - y]}, {x, -Pi, Pi,Pi/10}, {y,-Pi,Pi, Pi/10}], 1]; You can use the function Point along with VertexColors . Now the points are places using the first three elements and the color is determined by the fourth. In this case I used Hue, but you can use whatever you prefer. Graphics3D[ Point[data[[All, 1 ;; 3]], VertexColors -> Hue /@ data[[All, 4]]], Axes -> True, BoxRatios -> {1, 1, 1/GoldenRatio}]

plotting - Filling between two spheres in SphericalPlot3D

Manipulate[ SphericalPlot3D[{1, 2 - n}, {θ, 0, Pi}, {ϕ, 0, 1.5 Pi}, Mesh -> None, PlotPoints -> 15, PlotRange -> {-2.2, 2.2}], {n, 0, 1}] I cant' seem to be able to make a filling between two spheres. I've already tried the obvious Filling -> {1 -> {2}} but Mathematica doesn't seem to like that option. Is there any easy way around this or ... Answer There is no built-in filling in SphericalPlot3D . One option is to use ParametricPlot3D to draw the surfaces between the two shells: Manipulate[ Show[SphericalPlot3D[{1, 2 - n}, {θ, 0, Pi}, {ϕ, 0, 1.5 Pi}, PlotPoints -> 15, PlotRange -> {-2.2, 2.2}], ParametricPlot3D[{ r {Sin[t] Cos[1.5 Pi], Sin[t] Sin[1.5 Pi], Cos[t]}, r {Sin[t] Cos[0 Pi], Sin[t] Sin[0 Pi], Cos[t]}}, {r, 1, 2 - n}, {t, 0, Pi}, PlotStyle -> Yellow, Mesh -> {2, 15}]], {n, 0, 1}]

plotting - Mathematica: 3D plot based on combined 2D graphs

I have several sigmoidal fits to 3 different datasets, with mean fit predictions plus the 95% confidence limits (not symmetrical around the mean) and the actual data. I would now like to show these different 2D plots projected in 3D as in but then using proper perspective. In the link here they give some solutions to combine the plots using isometric perspective, but I would like to use proper 3 point perspective. Any thoughts? Also any way to show the mean points per time point for each series plus or minus the standard error on the mean would be cool too, either using points+vertical bars, or using spheres plus tubes. Below are some test data and the fit function I am using. Note that I am working on a logit(proportion) scale and that the final vertical scale is Log10(percentage). (* some test data *) data = Table[Null, {i, 4}]; data[[1]] = {{1, -5.8}, {2, -5.4}, {3, -0.8}, {4, -0.2}, {5, 4.6}, {1, -6.4}, {2, -5.6}, {3, -0.7}, {4, 0.04}, {5, 1.0}, {1, -6.8}, {2, -4.7}, {3, -1....