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summation - Sum over multiple indices


I would like to be able to enter the following left hand side of an identity. I can write the right hand side (i think) but am not sure about the left. The Left hand side is



$$\sum_{i_1+i_2+...+i_n=k}\binom{k}{i_1,i_2,...,i_n}\frac{f(i_1)f(i_2)...f(i_n)}{k!}$$


where is a function that extracts coefficients from a previously defined generating function. How do you implement this summation with a sum of multiple indicies equal to a particular $k$?




My particular $\,f$ are called Hypergeometric Bernoulli Numbers. The code I have to generate the numbers is below:


 T[m_, x_] = Sum[x^j/j!, {j, 0, m}];
g[m_, x_] = x^m/(m! (E^x - T[m - 1, x]));

The hypergeometric bernoulli numbers are extracted using the following


 b[m_, n_, M_] := b[m, n, M] = Coefficient[n! Normal[Series[g[m, x], {x, 0, M}]], x, n];


Now I want to sum over the $n$ term defined in the bernoulli number, so I basically want the $\,f$ I wrote in the formula to be replaced by b[m,i[j],M].



Answer



I'm not entirely sure what Eleven-eleven is asking, but I think I can write a function that gives his type-set expression (requiring two input variables n and k).


The first step is to do the math problem. How do you write the sum in a computer-friendly way? Like this: $$\sum_{i_1+i_2+\ldots +i_n = k} = \sum_{i_1=0}^k \sum_{i_2=0}^{k-i_1} \cdots\sum_{i_{n-1}=0}^{k-i_1-i_2\ldots-i_{n-2}}\,,$$ and $i_n = k - i_1 - i_2 -\ldots i_{n-1}$ is fixed.


Now proceed with the sum.


elevenEleven[n_, k_, m_, M_] := 
Module[{i},
With[{sumIt =
Sequence @@ Table[{i[a], 0, k - Sum[i[b], {b, 1, a - 1}]}, {a, 1, n - 1}]},
i[n] = k - Sum[i[e], {e, 1, n - 1}];

Sum[Multinomial @@ Table[i[c], {c, 1, n}] * Product[b[m,i[d],M], {d, 1, n}]/k!,
sumIt]
]
]

Here sumItwill basically generate the iterators for the multi-dimensional Sum in the main body. The statement i[n] = k - Sum[i[e], {e, 1, n - 1}] appearing in the main body enforces $i_n = k - i_1 - i_2 -\ldots i_{n-1}$.


Let's test it for $n=4$, $k=2$, $m=4$ and $M=5$:


elevenEleven[3, 2, 4, 5]



7/50



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