Skip to main content

computational geometry - Is there a numerical method/built-in to calculate the boundary of a set of graphs?


Recently, I encounted a geometry problem in my work. For a curve-family that owns the following parametric equation: $$E(t,\theta)= \begin{pmatrix} x_E(t,\theta) \\ y_E(t,\theta) \end{pmatrix}$$


where, $\theta \in [0,2\pi]$ and $t\in [0,1]$


Traditionally, I could apply the envelope theory to solve the points that located in the boundary.


$$\frac{\partial x_E(t,\theta)}{\partial t}\frac{\partial y_E(t,\theta)}{\partial \theta}-\frac{\partial x_E(t,\theta)}{\partial \theta}\frac{\partial y_E(t,\theta)}{\partial t}=0 \qquad (1)$$


So for the fixed $t_i$, the parameter of envelope-point $\theta_i$ could be solved with equation$(1)$


Here is a normal instance that using above theory(denoted envelope-point with $\color{blue} \square$).


enter image description here



Obvisouly, I can connect $P_{0,1}, P_{1,1}, \dots P_{4,1}$ and $P_{0,2},P_{1,2},\dots P_{4,2}$ in sequence to achieve the boundary/envelope.


However, for the complicated case, there are only some envelope-points(denoted with $\color{blue} \square$) on the boundary/envelope. That is, the envelope theory will unapplicable.


enter image description here


So my question is:



  • Is there a numerical method/built-in to calculate the boundary?(and achieve the coordinates of points that located on the boundary)




Update


Here are some data



coeff = {{{0., -5., 0}, {-5.2203, 0., 1.7945}}, 
{{-0.4188, -4.9846, 0.1071}, {-5.3218, 0.3923, 2.0267}},
{{-0.8583, -4.9384, 0.1765}, {-5.4189, 0.7822, 2.3088}},
{{-1.3234, -4.8618, 0.2192}, {-5.5122, 1.1672, 2.6475}},
{{-1.8203, -4.7553, 0.2473}, {-5.6022, 1.5451, 3.0486}},
{{-2.3568, -4.6194, 0.2742}, {-5.6897, 1.9134, 3.5173}},
{{-2.9427, -4.455, 0.3147}, {-5.7755, 2.27, 4.0578}},
{{-3.5912, -4.2632, 0.3857}, {-5.8604, 2.6125, 4.6738}},
{{-4.3197, -4.0451, 0.5068}, {-5.9456, 2.9389, 5.368}},
{{-5.1524, -3.802, 0.7017}, {-6.0327, 3.2472, 6.1428}},

{{-6.1237, -3.5355, 1.}, {-6.1237, 3.5355, 7.}}};

coeff2 = {{{0., -5., 0}, {-5.2203, 0., 1.7945}},
{{-0.4188, -4.9846, 0.3754}, {-5.3218, 0.3923, 1.8307}},
{{-0.8583, -4.9384, 0.6792}, {-5.4189, 0.7822, 1.8663}},
{{-1.3234, -4.8618, 0.9146}, {-5.5122, 1.1672, 1.9093}},
{{-1.8203, -4.7553, 1.0855}, {-5.6022, 1.5451, 1.9672}},
{{-2.3568, -4.6194, 1.1959}, {-5.6897, 1.9134, 2.047}},
{{-2.9427, -4.455, 1.2502}, {-5.7755, 2.27, 2.1556}},
{{-3.5912, -4.2632, 1.2528}, {-5.8604, 2.6125, 2.2995}},

{{-4.3197, -4.0451, 1.2087}, {-5.9456, 2.9389, 2.4846}},
{{-5.1524, -3.802, 1.1229}, {-6.0327, 3.2472, 2.7164}},
{{-6.1237, -3.5355, 1.}, {-6.1237, 3.5355, 3.}}};

which are the coefficient of ellipse. Namely, {{a,b,c},{d,e,f}}


$\begin{cases} x=a \sin\theta+b \cos\theta +c \\ y=d \sin\theta +e \cos\theta +f \\ \end{cases}$


ellipsePoints[{mat1_, mat2_}] :=
{mat1.{Sin[#], Cos[#], 1},
mat2.{Sin[#], Cos[#], 1}} & /@ Range[0, 2 Pi, 0.02 Pi]


points = Flatten[ellipsePoints /@ coeff, 1];
points2 = Flatten[ellipsePoints /@ coeff2, 1];

Thanks for RunnyKine's alphaShapes2D[] with diferent threshold :1,3


reg = RegionBoundary@alphaShapes2D[points, 1];
Show[{reg, ListPlot[points, AspectRatio -> Automatic]}, Axes -> True]

reg2 = RegionBoundary@alphaShapes2D[points, 3];
Show[{reg2, ListPlot[point2s, AspectRatio -> Automatic]}, Axes -> True]


enter image description here



Answer



Here is another answer inspired by Rahul's answer that also uses only built-in functions:


RegionBoundary @ DiscretizeGraphics @ Graphics[Polygon /@ ellipsePoints /@ coeff]

Mathematica graphics


RegionBoundary@
DiscretizeGraphics@Graphics[Polygon /@ ellipsePoints /@ coeff2]

enter image description here



RegionBoundary@
DiscretizeGraphics@
Graphics[Polygon /@
Table[
Table[
RotationMatrix[m].{2 + 5 Cos[x], 3 + 6 Sin[x]},
{x, 0, 2 Pi, 0.02 Pi}], {m, 0, Pi, Pi/20}]]

enter image description here


Comments

Popular posts from this blog

plotting - How to draw lines between specified dots on ListPlot?

I would like to create a plot where I have unconnected dots and some connected. So far, I have figured out how to draw the dots. My code is the following: ListPlot[{{1, 1}, {2, 2}, {3, 3}, {4, 4}, {1, 4}, {2, 5}, {3, 6}, {4, 7}, {1, 7}, {2, 8}, {3, 9}, {4, 10}, {1, 10}, {2, 11}, {3, 12}, {4,13}, {2.5, 7}}, Ticks -> {{1, 2, 3, 4}, None}, AxesStyle -> Thin, TicksStyle -> Directive[Black, Bold, 12], Mesh -> Full] I have thought using ListLinePlot command, but I don't know how to specify to the command to draw only selected lines between the dots. Do have any suggestions/hints on how to do that? Thank you. Answer One possibility would be to use Epilog with Line : ListPlot[ {{1, 1}, {2, 2}, {3, 3}, {4, 4}, {1, 4}, {2, 5}, {3, 6}, {4, 7}, {1, 7}, {2, 8}, {3, 9}, {4, 10}, {1, 10}, {2, 11}, {3, 12}, {4, 13}, {2.5, 7}}, Ticks -> {{1, 2, 3, 4}, None}, AxesStyle -> Thin, TicksStyle -> Directive[Black, Bold, 12], Mesh -> Full, Epilog -> { Line[ ...

dynamic - How can I make a clickable ArrayPlot that returns input?

I would like to create a dynamic ArrayPlot so that the rectangles, when clicked, provide the input. Can I use ArrayPlot for this? Or is there something else I should have to use? Answer ArrayPlot is much more than just a simple array like Grid : it represents a ranged 2D dataset, and its visualization can be finetuned by options like DataReversed and DataRange . These features make it quite complicated to reproduce the same layout and order with Grid . Here I offer AnnotatedArrayPlot which comes in handy when your dataset is more than just a flat 2D array. The dynamic interface allows highlighting individual cells and possibly interacting with them. AnnotatedArrayPlot works the same way as ArrayPlot and accepts the same options plus Enabled , HighlightCoordinates , HighlightStyle and HighlightElementFunction . data = {{Missing["HasSomeMoreData"], GrayLevel[ 1], {RGBColor[0, 1, 1], RGBColor[0, 0, 1], GrayLevel[1]}, RGBColor[0, 1, 0]}, {GrayLevel[0], GrayLevel...

Is there a way to do conditional matrix loop using 'continue'

I have the following: n = 3; m = 5; ww = RandomReal[{0, 0.1}, {n, n}]; uu = RandomReal[{0, 1}, {m, n}]; pp = RandomReal[{0, 1}, {n, n}]; ss = RandomInteger[{0, 5}, {m, n}]; Grid[{{"ww", "uu", "pp", "ss"}, {ww // TableForm, uu // TableForm, pp // TableForm, ss // TableForm}}, Spacings -> {5, 2}, Dividers -> All] where I would like to look at every element of matrix ss and produce a matrix tt , with zeroes at the locations in ss which have zeroes, and in all other positions do the following: tt = (-1/Subscript[ww, m]) Log[(1 - uu)/(Subscript[pp, m - 1])], where Subscript[ww, m] is the value at index of ww matrix and where Subscript[pp, m - 1] is the value at index-1 of pp matrix. So for example if the first value ever read from matrix ss happens to be 2, then value taken from matrix ww would be from the row 2, but from pp would be from row 1. Also how to tell difference between a 0 as a valid value from within the matrix elemen...