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operators - How to make a binary function associative? (Or define an n-ary function?)



Suppose I have a simple function that I assign to an operator


f[a_, b_] := a + b
CirclePlus = f

Then I want to write


1 (+) 2 (+) 3

But it doesn't work, because it's trying to evaluate f[1,2,3].


So how does one instruct Mathematica that it should instead evaluate f[f[1,2],3], or alternatively how does one work with infix operators? I'd be okay if I had to write my as f[a_List] instead, and then took care of things myself ...


-- Edit:



As the answer was deleted, note that making the function Flat is not the answer, here, as far as I can see.


-- Edit:


Here is an exact copy of the MMA file to reproduce this problem


In[13]:= f[a_,b_]:=a+b;
f[a_,b_,c_]:=f[f[a,b],c]
CirclePlus=f;
1\[CirclePlus]2\[CirclePlus]5\[CirclePlus]6
Out[16]= f[1,2,5,6]

Answer



You can tell it by making a definition what it should do if you have more then 2 arguments:



ClearAll[f];
f[a_, b_, c__] := f[f[a, b], c];
CirclePlus = f

Then you get



Mathematica graphics



And of course you have to add the definition of f when it is called as binary function. So for instance, and only for the purpose of showing what happens:


f[a_, b_] := Row[{"(", a, "\[CirclePlus]", b, ")"}]



Mathematica graphics



Here is how it looks when you use more than 3 terms. Note that the pattern is recursively applied until there are only 2 arguments in each call:



Mathematica graphics



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