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generative art - Artistic image vectorization


The question is how can we use Mathematica to create vectorized versions of low-resolution images? The goal is to get an image suitable for quality printing at any resolution.


Since "true" vectorization performed by various specialized software is a tough problem, I suggest to consider "artistic" approaches, which produce inexact, but beautiful version of the original. Colored implementations are highly appreciated.



Answer



This vectorisation attempts to represent the image with coloured triangles. The code selects a user defined number of sample points, with the selection weighted according to the image gradient, to obtain finer sampling in more detailed regions of the image. I use ListPlot3D to triangulate the sample points into a set of polygons - there is probably a neater way. The output from ListPlot3D is stripped of the third dimension and VertexColors are applied to the polygons based on the image colour at the sample points.


vectorise[img_,pts_]:=Module[{w,h,weights,points,plot,coords,polys,vcols},
{w,h}=ImageDimensions@img;
weights=Flatten@Transpose@ImageData[GradientFilter[img,2]];
points=Join[RandomSample[weights->Tuples[Range/@{w,h}],pts],{{1,1},{w,1},{1,h},{w,h}}];

plot=ListPlot3D[points/.{a_,b_}:>{a,b,0},InterpolationOrder->1,Boxed->False,Mesh->False,Axes->False,BoundaryStyle->None];
coords=plot[[1,1,All,;;2]]/.{a_,b_}:>{a,h+1-b};
polys=plot[[1,2,1,1,2,1,1,1]];
vcols=ImageValue[img,#]&/@coords;
Graphics[{GraphicsComplex[coords,Polygon[polys],VertexColors->vcols]}]]

Example:


img = ImageResize[ExampleData[{"TestImage", "Lena"}], 200];
vectorise[img, #] & /@ {100, 1000, 10000}


enter image description here


Having vectorised the image we can do silly things with the graphics:


rand=RandomReal[{-20,20},{10004,2}];
pic=vectorise[img,10000];
Export["fragmentlena.gif",Table[MapAt[#+rand (1-Cos[t])^2&,pic,{1,1,1}],{t,2\[Pi]/40,2\[Pi],2\[Pi]/40}],ImageSize->200,"DisplayDurations"->0.05,AnimationRepetitions->Infinity]

enter image description here


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