RepeatedNull
appears to be buggy (versions 8.0, and 9.0).
Define f
as follows:
In[1]:= f@s:{h_@___...} := List @@@ s
f
is intended to accept (possibly empty) List of non-atomic (possibly empty) expressions with the same head and change that head to List. It seems to work properly at first:
In[2]:= f@{g[x], g[y]}
Out[2]= {{x}, {y}}
(Calculates as intended.)
In[3]:= f@{g[x], h[y]}
Out[3]= f[{g[x], h[y]}]
(Pattern does not match.)
However, f
behaves unexpectedly on an empty List:
In[4]:= f@{}
Out[4]= {1}
The pattern does match, as it should, but the appearance of 1
is a complete mystery. I expected f@{}
to be List @@@ {}
, which is {}
. Tracing didn't tell me anything:
In[5]:= Trace[f@{}, TraceInternal -> True]
Out[5]= {f[{}], List@@{1}, {1}}
It's probably a bug. Defining f@{}
as a special case seems to fix the problem. However, 1) it's not actually a special case, and 2) I'm not sure in the correctness of the definition since there may be something wrong with the pattern I picked.
Was
{h_@___...}
the right choice of pattern for “(possibly empty) List of non-atomic (possibly empty) expressions with the same head”?Is there a plausible explanation where does
1
come from?
UPD:
To clear things up I'll elaborate on a test example by @m_goldberg (from the answer) and a note by @sebhofer (from a comment):
In[6]:= ReleaseHold[ClearAll /@ Hold[test1, test2]];
In[7]:= test1[patt1: {h_@___ ...}] := Row@{"With named head: ", patt1}
test2[patt2: {_@___ ...}] := Row@{"Without named head: ", patt2}
Results vary with use of named vs unnamed pattern. That's one aspect convincing me to calssify the issue as bug:
In[9]:= {test1@{}, test2@{}} // Column
Out[9]= "With named head:"
"Without named head:" {}
(Here and after, output formatting is adjusted manually.)
What also concerns me is that existing definitions don't get overwritten:
In[10]:= ClearAll@test
In[11]:= test[patt1 : {h_@___ ...}] := Row@{"With named head: ", patt1}
test[patt2 : {_@___ ...}] := Row@{"Without named head: ", patt2}
DownValues@test
Out[13]= {HoldPattern[test[patt2:{_[___]...}]] :> "Without named head:" patt2,
HoldPattern[test[patt1:{h_[___]...}]] :> "With named head:" patt1}
In[14]:= test@{}
Out[14]= "Without named head:" {}
DownValues
is prepended with the subsequent ones:
In[15]:= test[patt1 : {h_@___ ...}] := Row@{"Newdef, with named head: ", patt1}
test[patt2 : {_@___ ...}] := Row@{"Newdef, without named head: ", patt2}
DownValues@test
Out[17]= {HoldPattern[test[patt2:{_[___]...}]] :> "Newdef, without named head:" patt2,
HoldPattern[test[patt1:{h_[___]...}]] :> "Newdef, with named head:" patt1,
HoldPattern[test[patt2:{_[___]...}]] :> "Without named head:" patt2,
HoldPattern[test[patt1:{h_[___]...}]] :> "With named head:" patt1}
In[18]:= test@{}
Out[18]= "Newdef, without named head:" {}
While output satisfactorily corresponds to new definition, this probably should not happen due to 1) unpredictability; 2) garbage accumulation.
(Additional examples of unstable pattern matching with RepeatedNull
may be found in comments.)
Answer
Here is some evidence concerning what is going wrong.
ff[arg : {(h : _)@___ ...}] := Row @ {h, " : ", arg}
ff @ {u[x]}
u : {u[x]}
ff @ {{x}}
List : {{x}}
ff @ {{}}
List : {{}}
All the above show what one would expect, but
ff @ {}
{} :
In this last case, I conclude that h
has been matched with {}
and arg
has been matched with Sequence[]
. I can not but think that this is a bug.
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